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Submitted by: Steven Guptha
Abdominal pain usually results from a GI disorder, but it can also be caused by a reproductive, genitourinary , musculoskeletal, or vascular disorder; drug use; or ingestion of toxins.
Abdominal pain arises from the abdominopelvic viscera, the parietal peritoneum, or the capsules of the liver, kidney, or spleen. It may be acute or chronic and diffuse or localized.
Causes of the pain:
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (dissecting):
Initially, abdominal aortic aneurysm a life-threatening disorder may produce dull lower abdominal, lower back, or severe chest pain. In most cases, however, it produces constant upper abdominal pain, which may worsen when the patient lies down and may abate when he leans forward or sits up. Abdominal cancer: Abdominal pain usually occurs late in abdominal cancer. It may be accompanied by anorexia, weight loss, weakness, depression, an abdominal mass, and abdominal distention. Appendicitis: Appendicitis is a life-threatening disorder in which pain initially occurs in the epigastric or umbilical region. Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting may occur after the onset of pain. Cholecystitis:
Severe pain in the right upper quadrant may arise suddenly or increase gradually over several hours, usually after meals. It may radiate to the right shoulder, chest, or back.
Cholelithiasis: Patients may suffer sudden, severe, and paroxysmal pain in the right upper quadrant lasting several minutes to several hours. The pain may radiate to the epigastrium, back, or shoulder blades. The pain is accompanied by anorexia, nausea, vomiting ,diaphoresis, restlessness, and abdominal tenderness with guarding over the gallbladder or biliary duct. Crohn’s disease: Crohn’s disease may also cause diarrhea, hyperactive bowel sounds, dehydration, weight loss, fever, abdominal tenderness with guarding, and possibly a palpable mass in a lower quadrant. Abdominal pain is commonly relieved by defecation. Cystitis: Abdominal pain and tenderness usually occur in the supra pubic region. Associated signs and symptoms include malaise, flank pain, low back pain, nausea, vomiting, urinary frequency and urgency, nocturia, dysuria, fever, and chills. Duodenal ulcer: Localized abdominal pain described as steady, gnawing, burning, aching, or hunger like may occur high in the midepigastrium, slightly off center, usually on the right. The pain usually doesn’t radiate unless pancreatic penetration occurs. It typically begins 2 to 4 hours after a meal and may cause nocturnal awakening.
Endometriosis: Constant, severe pain in the lower abdomen usually begins 5 to 7 days before the start of menses and may be aggravated by defecation. Depending on the location of the ectopic tissue, abdominal pain may be accompanied by abdominal tenderness, constipation, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and deep sacral pain. Gastritis: With acute gastritis, the patient experiences rapid onset of abdominal pain that can range from mild epigastric discomfort to burning pain in the left upper quadrant. Intestinal obstruction: Short episodes of intense, colicky, cramping pain alternate with pain-free intervals in intestinal obstruction, a life-threatening disorder. Accompanying signs and symptoms may include abdominal distention, tenderness, and guarding; visible peristaltic waves; high-pitched, tinkling, or hyperactive bowel sounds proximal to the obstruction and hypoactive or absent sounds distally; obstipation; and pain-induced agitation. Ovarian cyst: Torsion or hemorrhage causes pain and tenderness in the right or left lower quadrant. Sharp and severe if the patient suddenly stands or stoops, the pain becomes brief and intermittent if the torsion self-corrects or dull and diffuse after several hours if it doesn’t. Pain is accompanied by a slight fever, mild nausea and vomiting, abdominal tenderness, a palpable abdominal mass, and possibly amenorrhea.
Investigations:
Routine hematological studies
Barium meal examination
Ultra sound of abdomen
Urine analysis
Homoeopathic approach:
Kali carbonicum:
Kali carbonicum is indicated where the system is broken down by loss of fluids or protracted illness
Dyspepsia of the aged or weak, anaemic and easily exhausted patients with tired feelings and backache is met by Kali carbonicum.
Before eating there is a faint sinking feeling in the epigastrium out of proportion to the feeling of vacuity caused by hunger, with sour eructations, heartburn and a peculiar weak nervous sensation.
The patient is sleepy while eating
Arsenicum: A grand medicine is gastric disorders, suiting especially irritative dyspepsias and acute inflammation.
It corresponds to the stomach irritation, the pains, the sickness , inability to digest food and the want of appetite so often met with in persons of a weekly state.
Here, then, will be abdominal pain and diarrhoea.
The pains are of a burning character, active and sore, patient prostrated.
Argentum nitricum: Argentum nitricum must be remembered in stomach affections.
The patient for a long time may not be able to belch, but when he does succeed in so doing the flatus comes in enormous volume.
Pain. It is a gnawing, ulcerative pain referred to the pit of the stomach.
From this spot pains radiate in every direction.
Nux vomica: This drug will be thought of when the patient is cranky and irascible, when he is drowsy and stupid in the evening, feels miserable in the morning and has a dull frontal headache.
This headache is a constant element in Nux disease.
With Nux the food and drink taste normal, and the gastric and abdominal disturbances do not commence immediately after eating.
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